FAMILY LAW – APPEAL – Recovery order – Where appellant father did not comply with the filing rules – Where the appellant did not attend the hearing – Where there is no merit in the appeal – Where the orders subject of the appeal are no longer operative – No utility in allowing the appeal – Appeal dismissed – No order as to costs.

FAMILY LAW – APPEAL – Parenting – Where the appellant father attempted to file a Notice of Discontinuance the day before the hearing – Where the appellant did not comply with the filing rules – Where the appellant did not attend the hearing – Appeal dismissed pursuant to r 13.31 of the Rules. -No order as to costs.

FAMILY LAW – APPEAL – EX-TEMPORE – Property settlement – Where parties were in a relationship for 34 years – Where the primary judge assessed the parties’ contributions at 75 percent in favour of the respondent and 25 per cent in favour of the appellant – Primary judge made an adjustment under s 75(2) resulting in 88 per cent distribution in favour of the respondent and 22 per cent in favour of the appellant – Where the appellant argued inadequacy of reasons – A 22 per cent distribution in favour of the appellant was outside the ambit of a reasonable assessment pursuant to the test in House v The King (1936) 55 CLR 499 – Parties agreed on terms of settlement – Orders made by consent – Appeal allowed by consent – No matters of principle.

FAMILY LAW – APPEAL – APPLICATION IN AN APPEAL – Where the applicant seeks an extension of time to obtain the transcript – Requirement to file transcript dispensed with – Where the applicant seeks an expansion of the contents of the Appeal Book – Leave granted to file a Contested Appeal Book – Application otherwise dismissed.

FAMILY LAW – APPEAL – PROPERTY – Appeal from final property orders made pursuant to s 79 of the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) – Where the primary judge determined that family violence made the respondent’s otherwise equal contributions more difficult, onerous or arduous – No error of fact – Adequacy of reasons – Error of law – Reasons as to why the primary judge made an adjustment in favour of the respondent inadequate – Appeal allowed – Matter remitted for rehearing.

FAMILY LAW – LIQUIDATOR – Where the wife sought to discharge orders appointing receivers to a group of companies – Where the wife sought the appointment of liquidators and the consequent winding up of the companies – Where the husband opposed the application citing issues of costs – Where the third respondent proposed that the current receiver be appointed the liquidator – Where potential issues as to conflict of interest arise if the current receiver is appointed liquidator – Orders made terminating the appointment of receiver, the winding up of the companies, and the appointment of a liquidator.

FAMILY LAW – EX TEMPORE – Where the wife failed to comply with an order of the Court – Where the husband filed an Application in a Proceeding seeking leave to amend his Amended Response to Initiating Application – Leave granted.

FAMILY LAW – PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – Where the wife seeks leave to read and rely upon adversarial expert evidence – Where a single expert witness had been appointed under the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Family Law) Rules 2021 (Cth) (“Rules”) – Where the Court is not satisfied the evidence should be allowed under r 7.08(2) of the Rules – Application dismissed with costs reserved.

FAMILY LAW – PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – abuse of process – attempt to relitigate issue determined by earlier consent order – application by beneficiary of deceased estate of husband to intervene in property proceedings – application for substitution of legal personal representative of deceased husband – discovery sought against non-party – request for leave to issue subpoena.

FAMILY LAW – PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – Where the de facto wife seeks to join the de facto husband’s mother and other corporate and trust entities in which she contends the husband controls as additional respondents to the proceeding – Where the proposed additional respondents oppose the joinder – Where the de facto wife abandoned or withdrew her contentions of sham – Where she instead contends control – Consideration of whether to refuse an application for joinder if there is no merit – Where the de facto wife’s claim could not be said to be unsuccessful – Where r 3.01 of the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Family Law) Rules 2021 (Cth) mandates the joinder of the additional respondents as necessary parties to the proceeding – Order for the joinder of the proposed additional respondents.

FAMILY LAW – PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – Injunctive orders – Where the de facto wife seeks injunctive orders to receive notice prior specified dealings with a unit trust and a discretionary trust of which she contends the de facto husband directs the conduct of – Where the appointor and the trustees of those trusts, being the second, fourth, and fifth respondents, oppose the injunctive orders as sought – Where those respondents contend the evidence does not establish that the de facto wife has an arguable case to justify preservation of the status quo and that, in absence of a risk of dealing with assets to frustrate a judgment, an injunction cannot be grounded by application of the “chicken soup” principle – Where the balance of convenience favours the injunctive orders broadly as sought by the wife amended to a defined scope – Notification orders made.

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – Final orders proposed with consent of all parties – Proposed orders suitable to ameliorate the risk to the children associated with the father in circumstances where the mother’s parental capacity is compromised – Final orders made in line with the terms provided by the parties.

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – With whom the children live – Where the father and the Independent Children’s Lawyer contend that the risk of harm arising from psychological abuse perpetrated by the mother is so high that it requires limitation ad supervision of the children’s time with the mother into the future – Where the father proposes orders in terms similar to the orders promoted by the Independent Children’s Lawyer – Where the Court finds that there is unacceptable risk that the children will suffer psychological harm in the mother’s care – Where the evidence supports the making of an order that the father have sole parental responsibility for the children.

PARENTING – Where the mother amended her application on the first morning of trial - Where the mother promotes unsupervised time between the children and the father – Where the Court finds that the mother will never voluntarily facilitate time between the children and their father.

PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – Where the mother filed an Application in a Proceeding in the evening prior to the competing applications being listed for Closing Submissions – Where the application was dismissed – Where the mother filed a further Application in a Proceeding subsequent to Judgment being reserved – Where the mother seeks a variety of orders including to adduce further evidence – Where the father and the Independent Children’s Lawyer oppose the application – application refused.

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – With whom the child lives and spends time with – Where the parties are unable to agree parenting arrangements for a nine year old child – Where the child currently lives with the respondent and spends five nights per fortnight with the applicant – Where the applicant seeks a change of primary care – Where the respondent seeks to reduce the child’s current time with the applicant to three nights per fortnight – Where the child experiences high levels of anxiety – Consideration of best interests – Where a change in primary care is likely to cause the child extreme distress and anxiety – Where the evidence supports a reduction in time from five nights to three nights per fortnight with the applicant – Sole parental responsibility for decision-making to the respondent – Orders.

FAMILY LAW – PROPERTY - Short marriage – Application by the wife for an adjustment of property interests - Where the marriage lasted two months - Where no compelling reasons exist to make a property adjustment as per s79(4) of the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) - Application refused.

PROPERTY – Disputed asset pool – Where applicant wife claims that the husband is the beneficial owner of millions of dollars’ worth of tangible and intangible property in Australia and overseas - Where wife asserts that the husband has not made a full and frank disclosure - Where the court is not satisfied of beneficial ownership - Where even if the Husband did own some or all of the assets, no adjustment would be warranted.

PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE - Where applicant wife seeks a spouse maintenance claim despite leave being refused under s44(3) and appeal against refusal being dismissed. Application is dismissed.

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW - Practice and Procedure- Where applicant wife asserts that her case requires intervention by the Attorney General - Where applicant therefore seeks adjournment of hearing - Where no evidence or specific claims are made to advance this proposition - Where adjournment application is opposed by all other parties -Adjournment application is refused.

FAMILY LAW – PROPERTY – APPLICATION FOR ENFORCEMENT – Where both parties filed applications seeking the other comply with final orders regarding sale of the matrimonial property – Where both parties assert the other is responsible for the non-compliance with the orders – Where both parties seek alterations to the orders that deal with the sale of such property – Where enacting the husband’s proposed alterations would result in a substantive change to the orders – Sale of the property and avoidance of future litigation in the interest of both parties – Discharge and substitution of the order regarding sale of the property.

FAMILY LAW – CONTEMPT – Sentencing – Respondent pleaded guilty to ten charges of contempt – Seriousness of contempt – Desirability of determining appropriate sentence for each charge – Totality of sentence should not exceed totality of offending – Imprisonment as sentence of last resort – Circumstances warrant imprisonment – Concurrency and cumulation - Part suspension of imprisonment – Good behaviour bond.

FAMILY LAW – COSTS – where the wife seeks an order for costs on an indemnity basis – where the husband filed no response to the wife’s submissions – where the husband has not complied with previous court orders – where the husband’s conduct has delayed court proceedings – where the husband has been wholly unsuccessful in the proceedings – consideration of s 117(2A) factors – costs ordered on an indemnity basis in the wife’s favour.

FAMILY LAW – PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – Subpoenas – where subpoena objected to on the basis of protected confidence – whether party is a professional service – whether the communications are protected confidences – whether likely harm outweighs desirability of production – application objecting to subpoena dismissed.

FAMILY LAW – LEGAL PRACTITIONERS – Conduct of solicitor – Where the legal practitioner has failed to comply with orders for the filing of documents – Where the legal practitioner has failed to attend three Court hearings – Where the legal practitioner has breached the South Australian Legal Practitioners Conduct Rules – Referral to the Legal Profession Conduct Commissioner.

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – Interim hearing – Where the matter is part-heard – Where the applicant sought to remove the requirement for professionally supervised time – Where the applicant failed to disclose mental health concerns – Where the respondent contended that professionally supervised time is still warranted – Where the applicant proposed the two paternal aunts as alternate private supervisors – Where the paternal aunts fail to address or acknowledge the father’s mental health conditions – Where the respondent opposed the paternal aunts as alternate private supervisors – Where the applicant sought a video communication order – Where the Court made orders for video communication between the applicant and the child – Where the Court otherwise dismissed the applicant’s interim application.

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – Ex Tempore Reasons – undefended hearing - best interests – decision-making authority – live with – passport – where the father withheld consent to passport applications for the children – where there were allegations of family violence against the father – where the father disengaged from proceedings – where the matter proceeded in the absence of the father – sole decision-making authority to the mother – the children to live with the mother and spend time with the father as agreed between the parents – passports to be issued for the children without the consent of the father.

FAMILY LAW – FINAL PARENTING ORDERS – Allegations of family violence – Mother’s allegations accepted in part – Where the children live with the mother – Where the children have not spent any time with the father for in excess of four years – Consideration of the impact on the mother in the event of any order for time between the children and their father - Children to live with the mother – No orders for time between the children and their father.

APPLICATION FOR DISQUALIFICATON – Apprehended bias – Where an application for disqualification is made during contested final parenting proceedings – Whether comments from the bench and/or the conduct of the judicial officer with respect to the use of an interpreter for the father might cause a fair-minded lay observer to conclude that the Court will decide the competing parenting applications other than on its legal and factual merit – All grounds fail – application dismissed.

FAMILY LAW – MAJOR COMPLEX FINANCIAL PROCEEDINGS LIST – TRIAL SEQUENCE – the applicant submits that the respondent should file his case outline first as the applicant does not understand the case advanced by the respondent – held, case outlines should be filed concurrently.

MAJOR COMPLEX FINANCIAL PROCEEDINGS LIST – EXPERT EVIDENCE – the respondent submits that the applicant should be restricted to a single expert witness per issue – held, the applicant should not be so restricted.

FAMILY LAW – CASE MANAGEMENT– Interim Property – Where wife seeks injunctions to operate on savings accounts of the husband – Where husband opposes this on the basis that he needs these savings to pay tax and other financial obligations – Injunction granted for a portion of the funds in Australian bank account – Held that husband is free to use the remainder of his savings to pay creditors on condition that he provide evidence of this to the wife.

FAMILY LAW – PROPERTY – Interim application for sale of a property – where prior sale orders made by consent – where sale has not yet been executed due to a dispute about what the ‘best arm’s length price’ obtainable means –– orders for the property to be sold at auction.

FAMILY LAW – PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – ADJOURNMENT – Where the mother seeks an adjournment one month before final hearing– Where the father and Independent Children’s Lawyer oppose adjournment – Where adjournment is not warranted – Consideration of AON Risk Services v ANU – Consideration of s 69ZN of the Family Law Act – Where adjournment application dismissed – Orders made extending time for mother to file material.

FAMILY LAW – PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – Amendment to final Order - Where the parties provided a jointly signed minute of order on 12 August 2024 seeking an amendment to the final Order made 29 May 2024 pursuant to s 79A(1A) of the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) – Where this Court was functus officio upon the making of the final Order – Where an Application for Consent Order was filed by the parties on 22 August 2024 and given a new file number – Where the Application was transferred to this Court on 26 August 2024 and an Order made in chambers in terms of the minute Where family law or child support proceedings cannot be instituted in this Court and the result of such jurisdictional problems creates uncertainty and unnecessary costs for litigants.

FAMILY LAW – PROPERTY – MAJOR COMPLEX FINANCIAL PROCEEDING – Property adjustment pursuant to s 79 of the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) – Where the husband’s parents both personally and by way of corporations they control have made significant advances of funds to the husband prior to, during the course of, and subsequent to, the parties marriage – Where the husband contends an advance in 2001 and a series of advances from 2015 to 2020 were by way of loan agreements, being liabilities in the balance sheet identifying the property of the parties – Where the wife contends that the evidence does not establish loan agreements in the terms contended by the husband, or in the alternative that recovery of the 2001 advance is statute-barred, or in the further alternative that it is not likely that either advance will be called upon to be repaid (Biltoft and Biltoft (1995) FLC 92-614) – Where the husband’s initial financial contributions and the financial support provided by his parents during the marriage attracts significant weight when consideration is given to the use made of those contributions (Pierce v Pierce (1999) FLC 92-844) – Where both the parties worked hard in their respective spheres throughout the marriage relationship – Where the wife makes a Kennon v Kennon (1997) FLC 92-757 contention that her contributions were made more onerous and arduous – Orders made adjusting the property of the parties 45.5 per cent to the wife and 54.5 per cent to the husband.

FAMILY LAW – CONTRAVENTION APPLICATION – Breach of procedural order– Where the application for contravention was not dealt with at the principal proceedings – Where the application was brought in terrorem – Where the application was found to be trivial and lacking significance – Where the application for contravention is dismissed.

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – Gender Dysphoria –Where consent orders are made – Where the Court distinguishes this case from the facts of that in Re Kelvin – – Where all parties seek a declaration of Gillick competence for the subject child – Where the subject child wishes to undergo “stage two” gender affirming treatment – Where the Court declares that the child is Gillick competent – Where an auxiliary name change order is sought to affirm the new gender identity of the child – Where the Court considers that the proposed name change will benefit the welfare of the child – Where the Court discusses the benefit of including subject children of advanced age in gender affirming proceedings.

FAMILY LAW – CHILDREN – Whether the mother should have sole parental responsibility – Spend time with arrangements – Where the mother alleges that the father sexually abused his niece – Where the mother alleges family violence by the father – Orders made for sole parental responsibility – Orders for the father to spend time with the child two occasions per week supervised or in a public place.

FAMILY LAW – EX TEMPORE – COSTS – Where the wife seeks costs of interlocutory applications by the husband for appointment of a litigation guardian and injunctions – Where the proceedings were before the Court three times and the parties entered into consent orders – Where the wife seeks costs as agreed or assessed on a party/party basis – Where the husband’s application for a litigation guardian was inappropriate and should not have been brought on the basis of the available evidence – Where the husband’s conduct in bringing the application for a litigation guardian justifies an award of costs in the wife’s favour – Where both parties made offers in writing to resolve claims for injunctive relief – Where the ultimate consent position reached by the parties was closer to what was proffered by the wife than the husband – Where the conduct of the husband in relation to the injunctive orders sought does not justify an order of costs in the wife’s favour – Order for the husband to pay the wife’s costs of his interlocutory application as agreed or assessed as to 30 per cent only of those costs.

FAMILY LAW – PROPERTY

FAMILY LAW – MAJOR COMPLEX FINANCIAL PROCEEDINGS LIST – PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE – adjournment application by all parties – proceeding fixed for one month duration – application dismissed.

FAMILY LAW – CHILDREN – Whether either parent poses an unacceptable risk of harm to the child – Whether either parent has capacity to promote the child’s relationship with the other parent – Where it is found that the mother made false claims that the father coerced her into having sex and/or raped her – Where the mother’s claim that the father sexually abused the child is groundless – Whether the child can have a relationship with both parents if she remains in the primary care of the mother – Where it is found that it is in the child’s best interests to live with the father – Where the mother will be restrained from spending any time or communicating with the child for a period of six weeks – Where following the moratorium, the mother’s time with the child will be professionally supervised until 2027.

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – Application for final parenting orders – Where the children have been living with the mother since the parties’ separation in 2019 – Where the children have spent supervised time with the father since June 2023 – Where the Secretary of the NSW Department of Communities and Justice intervened in the proceedings – Where both parents suffer from conditions which compromise their parenting capacity – Where the Secretary proposed the Minister having parental responsibility for the children for a period of 12 months and they live with the father – Where the Independent Children’s Lawyer railed against the children living with either parent – Where the father has remained abstinent from alcohol for the past 18 months – Where after years of intensive involvement by the child welfare agency with the mother, the agency has no faith in her parenting capacity – Where the physical, developmental, medical and educational needs of the children are likely to be better met if they live with the father – Ordered the father have parental responsibility for decisions about the children’s residence and they live with him – Ordered the Minister have parental responsibility in respect of all other major long-term issues affecting the children for 12 months – Ordered the children spend substantial and significant time with the mother.

FAMILY LAW – INJUNCTIONS – Exclusion from matrimonial home – Where the wife seeks the sole use and occupation of the matrimonial home – Where the husband opposes the wife’s application and submits that the parties can co-exist under one roof – Consideration of the circumstances of the parties and whether an exclusive occupation order is necessary – Order for the exclusive use and occupation of the home made.

FAMILY LAW – forum dispute – where applicant contends Australia is most appropriate forum to determine property dispute and seeks declaration to that effect– where respondent contends New Zealand most appropriate forum and seeks Australian process be stayed – stay application dismissed – restraint sought against respondent dealing with property interest in New Zealand granted – no declaration about forum made

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – where a conflictual relationship does not prohibit equal time arrangements – where it is in the child’s best interests to spend equal time with each parent.

FAMILY LAW – PROPERTY – where legal liabilities are excluded from the pool – where an adjustment to non-superannuation assets would be fanciful – where a 10% adjustment of superannuation is made in favour of the wife.

FAMILY LAW – SPOUSAL MAINTENANCE - where the husband concedes the wife has need for maintenance – where the husband’s liabilities cannot be ignored - where the wife could not satisfy the Court the husband has the capacity to pay maintenance. 

FAMILY LAW – Property enforcement – payment of interest – where final property adjustment orders made by the Court requiring that the respondent pay a sum of money to the applicant within 60 days and interest for late payment – where the applicant seeks interest for late payment of the judgment debt – finding that the respondent paid the judgment debt to the applicant 59 days late – finding that in the circumstances the respondent owes the applicant interest for late payment of the judgment debt – orders that the respondent pay the applicant interest on the judgment debt at the rate prescribed by the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Family Law) Rules 2021 (Cth).

FAMILY LAW – Property enforcement – division of recovered funds – where final property adjustment orders made provision for division of monies recovered from a third party after the deduction of “reasonable legal expenses” – where the parties agree that the respondent recovered the monies in full and paid a sum to the applicant – where the applicant disputes the respondent’s claimed deductions and seeks a further payment – findings in respect of which of the respondent’s claimed deductions constitute “reasonable legal expenses” – orders that the respondent make a further payment to the applicant.

FAMILY LAW – review application - proposition that there is a want of independence by the expert - appears to be parent-focused, rather than child-focused – application for review dismissed.    

FAMILY LAW – REVIEW – Procedural – Applicant seeks to review a decision of a deputy registrar who rejected the filing of the Applicant’s initiating application due to the non-filing of a certificate from a Family Dispute Resolution practitioner pursuant to section 60I(7) of the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth).

FAMILY LAW – Costs – whether an application for costs is made following consent orders – whether the conduct of the Applicant necessitates a costs order being made – whether indemnity or fixed costs ought to be awarded – costs order made.

FAMILY LAW – PARENTING – one child (aged 10) – final parenting orders made by consent on fourth day of final hearing in respect of most issues – child’s schooling for final year of primary school and secondary school in dispute – order for child to remain at his current primary school unless otherwise agreed – insufficient evidence to determine child’s secondary schooling.

FAMILY LAW – PROPERTY – alleged loans by second and third respondent to spouse parties, exceeding value of spouse parties’ non-superannuation assets – finding monies were advanced by way of loan and are repayable by spouse parties – order for repayment of funds to second and third respondent from sale of spouse parties’ real estate – spouse parties liable in respect of remaining debt as reflected in loan agreements – remaining assets and superannuation of modest value – order for spouse parties to retain those remaining assets in their possession and an adjusting payment by husband for wife to receive 55% of remaining assets and superannuation and husband 45% - directions for filing of submissions in relation to costs. 

FAMILY LAW – Parenting – Mention following afterhours ex parte orders placing child on the watch list – Where parties seek final orders by consent at mention – Where court satisfied that final orders are in the best interests of the child – Final orders made by consent – watchlist order – authenticated consent.  

FAMILY LAW – parenting – partial consent parenting orders – restraint of physical discipline pursuant to s 68B – orders restraining application of gun licence – overseas travel allowed – child's name removed from airport watch list – identity contact.  

FAMILY LAW – PROPERTY – husband and wife separated in 2000 – purchased a real property in joint names in 2001 – parties divorced in 2004 – there was never a formal property settlement – wife lived in and maintained the real property for 24 years – third parties seek sale of real property to satisfy a criminal compensation order against husband for sexual offending after separation – husband in prison and filed a submitting notice – competing applications pursuant to section 78 of the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) (“the Act”) and/or section 79 of the Act – principles of constructive trusts and proprietary estoppel – found that husband is estopped from now arguing he has a beneficial interest in the real property – held that the husband holds his interest in the real property on trust for the wife – orders made under section 78(2) to give effect to the change of title – in the alternative an assessment was made as to what orders (if any) would be just and equitable under section 79 of the Act – determined the wife should receive 100 per cent of the pool. 

FAMILY LAW - PROPERTY – Where the wife seeks to retain more than 100% of the value of the parties’ assets – whether funds paid by wife’s father should be considered a loan or contribution – where the wife fails to challenge expert valuation evidence. 

FAMILY LAW - partial consent parenting orders – three remaining issues in dispute – parental responsibility – commencement and duration of father’s time – Christmas – mother’s proposed orders are in the best interest of the child.